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SMS Niobe
SMS ''Niobe'' ("His Majesty's Ship ''Niobe''") was the second member of the ten-ship of light cruisers built by the Imperial German Navy. She was built by the AG Weser shipyard in Bremen, laid down in 1898, launched in July 1899, and commissioned into the High Seas Fleet in June 1900. She was named after Niobe, a figure from Greek mythology. Armed with a main battery of ten guns and two torpedo tubes, ''Niobe'' was capable of a top speed of . The ship had a long career, serving in all three German navies, along with the Yugoslav and Italian fleets over the span of over 40 years in service.
''Niobe'' served in both home and overseas waters in the Imperial Navy, before being reduced to a coastal defense ship after the outbreak of World War I. She survived the conflict and was one of six cruisers permitted to the ''Reichsmarine'' by the Treaty of Versailles. In 1925, the German Navy sold the ship to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia). There, she was renamed ''Dalmacija'' and served until April 1941, when she was captured by the Italians during the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia. Renamed ''Cattaro'', she served in the Italian ''Regia Marina'' until the Italian surrender in September 1943. She was then seized by the German occupiers of Italy, who restored her original name. She was used in the Adriatic briefly until December 1943, when she ran aground on the island of Silba, and was subsequently destroyed by British Motor Torpedo Boats. The wreck was ultimately salvaged and broken up for scrap in 1947–49.
==Construction==
(詳細はAG Weser shipyard in Bremen in 1898 and launched on 18 July 1899, after which fitting-out work commenced. She was commissioned into the High Seas Fleet on 25 June 1900.〔Gröner, pp. 99–101〕 The ship was long overall and had a beam of and a draft of forward. She displaced at full combat load.〔Gröner, p. 100〕 Her propulsion system consisted of two triple-expansion engines manufactured by AG-Germania. They were designed to give , for a top speed of . The engines were powered by eight coal-fired Thornycroft water-tube boilers. ''Niobe'' carried of coal, which gave her a range of at . She had a crew of 14 officers and 243 enlisted men.〔
The ship was armed with ten 10.5 cm SK L/40 guns in single mounts. Two were placed side by side forward on the forecastle, six were located amidships, three on either side, and two were placed side by side aft. The guns could engage targets out to . They were supplied with 1,000 rounds of ammunition, for 100 shells per gun. She was also equipped with two torpedo tubes with five torpedoes. They were submerged in the hull on the broadside.〔Gröner, p. 101〕 The ship was protected by an armored deck that was thick. The conning tower had thick sides, and the guns were protected by thick shields.〔Gröner, p. 99〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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